How to Implement Zero Trust on a Budget

Zero Trust is a security strategy that follows the core principle: “Never trust, always verify.” It strengthens network security and prevents unauthorized access by assuming that all network traffic could be malicious. 

Zero Trust requires continuous monitoring and authorization of all devices that request network access. Each user's identity must be verified each time, regardless of whether they have been given access before.

Zero Trust also helps secure the expanded attack surface of today’s hybrid and remote workplace landscape. Organizations may set up firewalls by applying encrypted VPNs to ensure remote devices have the same user experience as on-premises ones — and are subject to the same rigorous security controls.

Zero Trust is not one defined security measure; rather, it’s a system of security policies and access management tactics. Some common Zero Trust tactics include granting least-privilege access to ensure minimum permissions, gathering threat intelligence in real time, creating a multilayered defense through network segmentation or microsegmentation, and implementing multi-factor authentication (MFA) to provide an extra level of protection.

Three steps to begin your Zero Trust journey while heeding budget constraints include:

• Understand the challenges of establishing a Zero Trust network
• Budget for Zero Trust success
• Deploy available resources

Anticipating potential roadblocks ahead of time will help your Zero Trust journey go smoothly. When it comes to implementation, the main challenges can be broadly categorized into four key areas:

• Legacy systems: Modernizing outdated infrastructure is crucial but expensive.

• Network complexity: Migrating to a Zero Trust model requires rethinking network design and access control.

• Cybersecurity talent shortage: Finding and retaining skilled professionals is another cost.

• Culture shift: Adopting a “verify first” mentality requires training and buy-in across stakeholders and the entire agency.

Strategic planning and phased deployment are critical to successfully implementing a Zero Trust strategy. As agencies navigate these complexities, the emphasis should be on efficiently allocating resources and incrementally building a robust security posture. Even the most sophisticated security solution is only effective if strategically implemented and adapted to budgetary constraints.

In the webinar, Dennis noted that budgeting starts with a holistic approach to Zero Trust. “It’s not just a product or service you can buy off the shelf,” he explained. “It’s the security framework that requires a comprehensive approach.”

This holistic approach ensures that agencies are not only addressing immediate needs, but also setting the foundation for a resilient and adaptable security ecosystem — and a more secure future. Following this advice, agencies can implement Zero Trust policies through various strategies that adjust to available budgets.

Approaches can include:

• Identifying and securing targets: Create a “layered defense” by first securing high-value targets that are most attractive to cyberattackers. This approach helps mitigate risks while optimizing resource allocation.

• Working in phases: Start with a smaller, manageable project area and expand in a phased approach from there. Demonstrate the success of this initial implementation, gathering data on improved security posture and reduced risks. Use this data to secure further funding and buy-in for subsequent phases.

• Exploring open-source solutions: Many high-quality, open-source Zero Trust solutions exist for access control, identity management, and other essential Zero Trust components. 

• Upskilling your workforce: Training programs and certifications can help current staff understand the Zero Trust principles and manage them effectively.

• Forming a strategic partnership: Working directly with a cybersecurity service provider can help you streamline Zero Trust implementation. An experienced partner can offer government agencies valuable guidance,  optimization suggestions, technical expertise, and access to cost-effective risk management solutions that meet your specific needs.

Take advantage of the wealth of valuable resources that have been created to help agencies like yours establish a Zero Trust framework:

• The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) provides a central hub for Zero Trust implementation resources, including roadmaps, frameworks, guides, and case studies. 

• The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) offers a free publication that shares a technical framework and reference architecture for developing a Zero Trust environment.

• The Federal Risk and Management Program (FedRAMP) provides resources and guidance tailored to meet agencies’ unique security needs.

• Industry reports and case studies from leading technology vendors and research firms offer successful Zero Trust implementations across various government agencies. 

• Industry associations like the Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) and the Center for Internet Security (CIS) offer resources and best practices for Zero Trust security.

• Training and certification programs endorsed by reputable organizations like CompTIA ensure credibility and industry relevance. 

• Government-sponsored initiatives like the National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies (NICCS) provide training programs and funding opportunities to address the cybersecurity talent gap.